TOP 3 ‘Vietnamese Ancient Costumes (Cổ Phục Việt)’ Across a Thousand Years

So, you’ve checked off the major sights—Hanoi’s bustling streets and the vibrant energy of Ho Chi Minh City—and you’re already acquainted with Vietnamese coffee and the comforting warmth of phở. What comes next on your exploration list? If your heart beats for culture, unique photography opportunities, and stepping directly into history, then it’s time to turn your attention to the hottest trend among Vietnam’s youth: the captivating world of Vietnamese Ancient Costumes, or Cổ Phục Việt.

I. What are Vietnamese Ancient Costumes (Cổ Phục Việt)?

Cổ Phục Việt are an essential component of Vietnamese national culture and history, expressed through traditional attire from different dynasties and regions. These garments not only reflect social life and customs but also carry profound artistic and aesthetic value.

Unlike the modern Áo dài that everyone is familiar with, ancient costumes often feature more varied styles, bolder colors, and more flowing silhouettes. You can sometimes even spot traces of interwoven influences from Chinese and Champa cultures.

Tour Photograph Ao Dai

If the Áo dài represents the elegance of modern Vietnamese women, then ancient costumes are like a mirror of Vietnamese history—carrying stories and the glory of past dynasties. They are a form of “wearable cultural memory.”

II. What Types of Vietnamese Ancient Costumes Are There? (The Ultimate Practical Beginner’s Guide)

If you wish to do a historical-themed photoshoot during your trip to Vietnam, attend a cultural event, or simply want to learn more about Cổ Phục, here are some of the most easily accessible styles to start with:

1. Nhat Binh Robe (Áo Nhật Bình)

According to historical records, the origin of the Nhật Bình Robe comes from the Pī Fēng (披風), a cross-collar garment from China’s Ming Dynasty. This cloak-shirt style, developed during the Nguyễn Dynasty, evolved into the Pī Fēng-style overlapping collar shirt. This garment features a large rectangular neckline and two flaps secured by ties. When fully worn, the front of the chest comes together to form a rectangle, which is why this shirt is named Nhật Bình (meaning “flat sun” or “square,” referencing the shape of the collar).

The Nhật Bình was originally used as royal ceremonial attire for women in the palace. However, only those of noble rank, such as the Empress, Princesses, and high-ranking Consorts, were permitted to wear it.

2. Tac Gown (Áo Tấc)

The Tấc Gown is a traditional costume from Vietnam’s feudal period, worn with trousers. It covers the body from the neck down to the knees or slightly above, and it is suitable for both men and women. It features a standing collar and buttons fastened on the wearer’s right side. The gown is meticulously pieced together from five sections of fabric. This was considered the formal attire during the Nguyễn Dynasty and later, similar to today’s formal vests or robes.

The name “Tấc Gown” (Áo Tấc) comes from the width of the hemline of the innermost layer, which was exactly one tấc(a traditional unit of measure, approximately 4 cm).

The fabric material varied depending on the wearer’s economic condition, status, rank, and position. For royalty and high-ranking officials, they would choose high-quality silk, chiffon, and satin, either imported from China or domestically produced. Common people would use cheaper fabrics, but the attire was still considered formal and polite.

3. Cross-Collared Robe (Áo Giao Lĩnh)

The Cross-Collared Robe, also known as Giao Lĩnh, is a shirt style that emerged during the Lý Dynasty. It is characterized by its cross-shaped collar, distinguishing it from the Viên Lĩnh Áo (Round-Collared Robe), and it features relatively wide sleeves. This is a common collar style that shares similarities with many different patterns across East Asia, such as the Japanese Kimono or the Korean Hanbok, which also feature this diagonal collar characteristic.

The Giao Lĩnh is a loose-fitting shirt with slits on both sides, wide cuffs, and a length that reaches the heels. The main body of the shirt is sewn from four pieces of fabric and is typically worn with a colored sash (waistband) and a black skirt. This is also considered the predecessor to today’s Vietnamese Áo dài.

III. Why Did Vietnamese Ancient Costumes Go Viral in Recent Years?

You might wonder: shouldn’t the Vietnamese ancient costumes be quite old-fashioned? Why are young people so fond of them now?

In fact, over the last 5–7 years, Vietnam has seen a strong trend of “Cultural Revival.” The reasons include:

• High Exposure on Social Media: Cổ Phục Việt has become a popular choice for travel photography.

• Younger Generation’s Emphasis on Cultural Roots: A renewed interest in heritage.

• Vietnamese Film and TV Dramas: These have actively promoted the aesthetics of the ancient style.

• Convenient Rental Services: Many tourist cities now offer easy Cổ Phục rental services.

Today, not only do Vietnamese people love to take photos in Cổ Phục, but foreign tourists are also joining the trend. Wherever you walk in Hanoi’s Old Quarter, the Imperial Citadel of Huế, or Hội An Ancient Town, you can see crowds of people taking pictures in these historical garments. They are vibrant yet harmonious, making the entire city look like a living ancient scroll.

IV. The Best Cities in Vietnam for Ancient Costume Photography Experiences

1. Huế — The Center of Cổ Phục Culture

Huế, the ancient capital of the Nguyễn Dynasty, is the birthplace of Vietnamese Cổ Phục culture. Whether it’s the Imperial Citadel, the Forbidden City, or the ancient temples, all are perfect backdrops for photos taken in the Nhật BìnhRobe or Tấc Gown, making the scene look like a trip back to the imperial court.

2. Hanoi  and Ninh Bình  — The Best Stage for the Literary/Bohemian Ancient Style

Hanoi’s Old Quarter, the Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu), and the area around Hoàn Kiếm Lake are well-suited for the Giao Lĩnh Robe and literary-style historical aesthetics. Ninh Bình is tranquil and slightly nostalgic, making it ideal for artistic travel photography.

3. Hội An — An Ancient Paradise Created by Lanterns and Old Houses

Hội An is a UNESCO World Heritage site itself. The yellow walls and old houses beautifully accentuate the elegance of the Cổ Phục. Photos taken during the day and at night each offer a distinct charm.

V. Styling Tips for Vietnamese Ancient Costumes (A Must-Read for Slimming and Photogenic Travel Photos)

Based on extensive experience guiding travel photoshoots, I have compiled three of the most practical tips for you:

1. Choose Styles with “Stiff Structures” or “Strong Layering”

Wide sleeves, stiff collars, and thick lapels naturally help refine your figure and make your photographs look more dimensional.

2. Match Colors to the Background

• Yellow Architecture: Suitable colors include blue, red, and black.

• Ancient City Red Walls: Suitable colors include white, gold, and green.

• Temples: Suitable colors include deep purple, dark green, and vermillion.

3. Enhance the Vibe with “Hair Accessories”

Ribbons, floral crowns, and ancient-style hairpins can make the overall look more complete and immersive.

VI. Vietnamese Ancient Costumes: More Than Just Clothing, They Are a Cultural Memory

The charm of Cổ Phục Việt is not just its beauty, but the power of a culture being rediscovered. When you put on the ancient costume, whether you stand in the long corridor of the Huế Imperial Citadel, walk down the lantern street in Hội An, or take a photo in Hanoi’s Old Quarter, you are truly connecting with the history of this land.

The resurgence of Vietnamese ancient costumes is not merely a trend; it is the younger generation redefining “Who Vietnam is.” And for travelers, it is an even more profound cultural experience—a truly memorable souvenir you can take away.

On Your Next Trip, Let the Vietnamese Ancient Style Take You Across Vietnam

If you are planning a trip to Vietnam, why not set aside a morning or an afternoon to experience an ancient costume photoshoot? Even if it’s only for a few short hours, you will discover that the photographs capture not just a garment, but the warmth of Vietnam’s thousand-year-old culture and the most unique memories of your journey.

I hope this article makes you fall in love with Vietnam even more and look forward to the day you don your own piece of ancient beauty. If you need suggestions for Cổ Phục photo shoot itineraries, rental locations, or photographer collaboration plans, please feel free to let me know! I can help you plan a complete travel photography guide!

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